Method of dyeing and pkinting vege



Patented Nov.

METHOD OF DYEING AND PRINTING VEGE- TABLE AND ARTIFICIAL FIBERS Willy Tischb'ein, Leverkusen-Kuppersteg, Germany, assignor to General Aniline Works, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application No. 740,527. In Germany 4 Claims.

The present invention relates to an improved method of dyeing and printing vegetable or artificial fibers by means of leuco sulfuric acid ester salts of vat dyestufis 5 It is known that vegetable and artificial fibers can be dyed and printed by means of leuco sulfuric acid ester salts of vat dyestuffs. The object of my present invention is an improvement as to fastness and vividness of the dyeings and prints obtained thereby. This invention isbased on the discovery are obtained by im that excellently fast and vivid shades pregnating the fibers, prior to the printing and dyeing by means of the leuco sulfuric acid ester salts with such organic bases 15 Or the salts thereof insoluble or at least as are capable of forming difiicultly soluble salts with the leuco sulfuric acid esters employed. It is to be understood that the subsequent dyeing and printing of the fibers thus impregnated is performed according to in the art.

the methods usually applied 1 wish to point out that the present invention contemplates the employment of the bases of the character described generally, it being understood that according to m y experiments every organic base, which forms insoluble or at least difficultly soluble salts with the leuco sulfuric acid esters employed, is capable result, regardless as 30 to the fiber or not.

bases to be employe of accomplishing the desired to whether it shows affinity Obviously, the choice of the d depends on the above described characteristics only and, this doctrine being given, everyone skilled in the art can ascertain by simple experiments, whether the bases 35 intended are suitable for the purpose in question.

As examples of bases which have proved to be excellently suitable be mentioned, for instance, amines,

for this purpose there may ammoniumand phosphonium bases, such as the condensation 4 products cyclohexylmethyldiethylammonium methyltetrahydroqui ammoniummethylsulfate of of chlorinated parafiines with ammonia,

iodide, dinaldinium iodide, trimethylmono-oleylethyldiamine or of monostearyl-para-phenylene diam- 5 ine, mixtures of higher polyethylene polyamines,

octadecylpyridinium bromide, triphenylbenzylfuric acid esters, the uble salts used in term at least difficultly solthe appended claims being intended to embrace both diflicultly soluble and insoluble salts. 66 The efiect obtaine d by my present invention is August 18, 1934, Serial September 1, 1933 illustrated by the following arguments: It is known that many. leuco sulfuric acid esters of vat dyestuffs show an insufficient affinity for vegetable and artificial fibers and are, on the other hand, insufficiently soluble for being employed in con- 5 centrated aqueous solution. For instance, if employing in the skein-dyeing a proportion of dye liquor of at least 1:15-1:20, only a minor part of the dyestuff is fixed to the fiber, whereas, on the other hand, the danger of salting out is involved. 10 This disadvantage is completely overcome by treating the fibers by means of the bases of the character described prior to the printing or dyeing as described above. It follows therefrom that the present invention rendered it technically posl5 sible for the first time to employ leuco sulfuric acid esters of vat dyestuffs generally in the usual dyeing apparatus. The same holds true with regard to the dyeing of piece goods as up to the present time leuco sulfuric acid esters could only be employed for dyeings of light shades. Similar remarks apply to the printing of vegetable or artificial fibers, it being understood that the subse-. quent development of the prints can be effected according to usual ing to the nitrite-process with or ing.

The following examples will illustrate the invention, without, however, restricting it thereto:-

without steam- Example 1 NH3 o'n ethylene chloride), squeezed and dried.

The cotton yarn thus treated is then dyed for half an hour at a temperature falling from 0' 40-30" C. in a bath containing per litre 3.5 grams of the alkali salt of the acid sulfuric acid ester of the leuco compound of 6.6-diethoxy-2.2- bisthionaphthene indigo, 10 grams of sodium nitrite and 35 grams of sodium sulfate (proportion of the dye liquor 1:10-1:20), squeezed off, immediately oxidized for a short time in hot water of C. which contains per litre 35 cos. of sulfuric acid (66 B.) and thoroughly rinsed. I 'hereupon it is neutralized and soaped while so boiling. The dyeing thus obtained shows a considerably deeper shade than a dyeing obtained in the absence of the 'above mentioned condensation product.

The same effect can be observed if applying 5 methods, for instance, accord- 25 the salts of other sulfuric acid ester of the leuco compounds of vat dyestufis, such as for example, Bz-2-B'z-2 dimethoxydibenzanthrone, 5.7'-dibromo-2'-indole-2-anthracene indigo, benzoquinone-di-para-chloranilide, 4-methyl 6 chloro- 6-methoxy-thioindigo, the dyestufl obtained according to U. S. P. 1,782,706, 2.1-naphthioindigo and the like.

When using the above mentioned base for impregnating cotton yarn in a weakly acid bath (6 grams of base and 2-15 ccs. of acetic acid per litre) and employing the same dyeing method, a similar deepening of shades is obtained; as dyestuffs there may be used the alkali salts of the acid sulfuric acid esters of the leuco compounds of vat dyestuffs, such as for example, 4.4'-dimethyl 6.6-dichloro-bis-thionaphthene indigo, 2.1-naphthio indigo, 6.6'-diethoxy-2.2-bisthionaphthene' indigo, dimethyl-trichloro thioindigo etc. A still stronger deepening of the shades is obtained, if the base in question is applied on the fibre in a larger amount by salting out and the dyeing is performed in the usual manner with the ester dyestuffs mentioned.

Example 2 50-100 grams of cotton yarn or fabrics, which have been impregnated with a solution of 5 grams of triphenyldichlorobenzylphosphonium chloride in one litre of water at a temperature of about C. for half an hour, show, when dyed in accordance with the method described in Example 1 with the alkali salts of the acid sulfuric acid esters of the leuco compounds of 4.4- dimethyl-dfi'-dichloro-bis-thionaphthene indigo, the dyestuif of the following formula obtainable according to the U. S. Patent 1,782,706 or of benzoquinone-di-para-chloroanilide far deeper shades than dyeings obtained on unpretreated cotton.

Similarly improved dyeings may also be obtained by pretreating 50-100 grams of cotton yarn or fabrics with 1 litre of an aqueous solution containing 4 grams of the base described in Example 1 and 2 grams of triphenyldichlorobenzyl-phosphonium chloride at a temperature of 35 C. for half an hour and printing the same according to usual methods with the alkali salts of the acid sulfuric acid ester of the leuco compounds of vat dyestufis, such as for example, of benzoquinone-di-para-chlorani1ide, 6.6'-diethoXy-2.2'-bisthio-naphthene indigo, 2.1-naphthioindigo and 4'-methyl-6-chloro-6'-methoxythioindigo.

Example 3 50-100 grams of cotton yarn or fabrics yield also shades of improved deepening when pretreated with 1 litre of an aqueous solution con taining 3-5 grams of octadecylpyridinium bromide for half an hour at 35 C. and dyed with the alkali salts of acid sulfuric acid esters of the leuco compounds of vat dyestufis, such as, for example, 6.6-diethoxy-2.2'ebisthio-naphthene indigo or 4-methyl-6-chloro-6 -methoxy-thioindigo. Similar efiects are obtained by dyeing the acid sulfuric acid esters of the leuco com- 1 not absolutely necessary.

Artificial silk yarn or fabrics (for example, viscose silk) are treated with the bases obtainable by the reaction of trichlorinated paraffine with polyethylene polyamines, alone or together with triphenyldichlorobenzyl phosphonium chloride, or alone with the latter product, in a neutral, acid or alkaline bath for half an hour at 35 C. (proportion of the dye liquor 1:10-1:20), and then dyed with the alkali salts of the acid sulfuric acid esters of the leuco compounds of benzoquinone-di-para-chloroanilide, 4-methyl-6-chloro- 6'-methoxy-thioindigo, 6.6-diethoxy 2.2 bisthionaphthene indigo or similar vat dyestuffs.

The dyeings obtained show an improved depth of color compared with corresponding dyeings on unprctreated artificial silk.

Example 5 Cotton and artificial silk material or also mixed fabrics which have been pretreated in a neutral, acid or alkaline bath with bases obtained from ammonia or amines and trichlorinated paraflines as described above, yield on printing with the alkali salts of the acid sulfuric acid esters of the leuco compounds of vat dyestuffs, deeper prints than they can be obtained on unpretreated fabrics.

Example 6 50-100 grams of bleached or raw cotton yarn or artificial silk are treated for 20-25 minutes in an aqueous neutral, acid or alkaline solution of 35 C. containing 2-6 grams per litre of a product obtainable by condensation of polyethylene polyamine and cyanuric chloride and subsequent peralkylation by means of dimethylsulfate, squeezed off and dried, though drying is The material thus treated is then introduced into a. bath containing 3.5 grams of the alkali salt of the acid sulfuric acid ester of the leuco compound of 6.6- diethoxy-2.2-bisthionaphthene indigo, 10 grams of sodium nitrite and 35 grams of sodium sulfate per litre for half an hour at raising or from to 30 C. falling temperature; thereupon it is thoroughly rinsed, neutralized and soaped at the boil. A very strong deepening of the shade is obtained thereby.

The same effect results when treating the material described above with the alkali salts of the acid sulfuric acid esters of the leuco compounds of vat dyestuffs, such as Bz-2-Bz-'2'-dimethoxy-dibenzanthrone, ben zoquinone-diparachloroanilide, methylchloromethoxy thioindigo, 2.1-naphthioindigo and the like, in corresponding amounts. The above described product of the condensation of polyethylene polyamine and cyanuric chloride can be prepared by dissolving 18.5 parts of cyanuric chloride in about 200 parts of trichloroethylene, adding thereto a solution of 40.5 parts of a polyethylene polyamine mixture of a boiling point of between 90 C. and

aooaaso dium carbonate. The solvent is then removed by water distillation, the remaining solution is Q heptadecylamine.

concentrated and the condensation product crys-" tallizes therefrom upon cooling.

Example 7 50-100 grams of bleached or .raw cotton yarn or artificial silk or mixtures of these materials are treated for 20-25 minutes in an aqueous, neutral, acid or alkaline solution of C. containing 2-6 grams 'per' litre of heptadecylamine acetate, squeezed oil and dried. Working up is performed as described in Example 6. A very strong deepening of color is obtained.

trample s 50-100 grams of bleached or raw cotton yarn or artificial silk or mixtures of these materials are treated for 20-25 minutes in an aqueous,

tained by the same process with the exception that the condensation products obtainable by causing a primary or secondary aliphatic amine containing at least one hydrocarbon radicle with more than .8 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof to react with a halogen-alkylamine which is disubstituted on the nitrogen atom by alkyl groups are used instead of the peralkylated Example 9 I 50-100 grams of bleached or raw cotton yarn or artificial silk or 'a'mixture of these materials are treated for 20-25 minutes in 1 litre of an aqueous alkaline solution of 35 0., containing 2-6 grams of the reaction product of ethylene oxide on a mixture of polyethylene poiyamines (obtainable according, to the method described in Example 1), squeezed oil, dried it necessary. and worked up as described in Example 6. Strong deepened shades are obtained by this process.

- I claim:-

1. In the process of dyeing and printing vege- I table and artificial fibers by means of leuco sul furic acid ester salts of vat dyestuiis the improvement which consists in impregnating the fibers prior to the action of the leuco sulfuric acid ester salts. with organic bases selected from the group consisting of high molecular aliphatic nitrogen bases and quaternary ammonium and phosphonium bases and the salts-thereof.

2. In the-process of dyeing and printing vegetable and artificial fibers by means of leuco sulfuric acid ester salts of vat dyestufls, the improvement which consists in impregnating the,

fibers prior to the action of the leuco sulfuric acid ester salts with a condensation product of a trichlorinated paraillne and a mixture of polyethylene polyamines. 8. In the process of dyeing and printing vegetable and artificial fibers by means of leuco sulfuricacid ester salts of vat dyestufls, the improvement whichconsists in impregnating the fibers prior to the action of the leuco sulfuric acid ester salts with a peralkylated heptadecylamine.

4. In the process of dyein and printing vegetable and artificial fibers by means of leuco sulfuric acid ester salts of vat dycstuif the improvement which consists in impregrating the fibers prior to the action of the leuco sulfuric 

